EngineeringHiranyagarbha · Class 11-12
Headway, frequency aur bus lane ka trade-off
Bus 20 minute mein ek aaye ya 5 minute mein ek, kya sirf intezaar badalta hai, ya poori shehar ki planning?
Socho pehle… phir dekho jawab
Headway (do buson ke beech ka samay) se frequency, capacity aur intezaar teeno tay hote hain. Aur intezaar kam ho toh log bus chunte hain, warna two-wheeler.
Mechanism: frequency = 60/headway (bus/ghanta). Capacity = frequency × har bus mein log. Agar log bina timetable dekhe stop par pahunchein aur bus niyamit aaye, toh ausat intezaar lagbhag headway ka aadha hota hai. Udaharan: 20 minute headway par ausat 10 minute, 5 minute par sirf 2.5 minute.
Data (NHTS, NSS 80th round): kaam par 42.6% two-wheeler, 28.3% paidal, 10.7% cycle, 6.7% bus, 3% car. Metro/suburban rail/monorail/tram shehri kaamkaajiyon ka 5%, par Maharashtra 20.7%, West Bengal 16.5%, Delhi 14.4%. Shehri auraten (1 km+ yatra) 21.7% bus, aadmi 6.9%. Ausat commute kharch ₹785/maheena (shehri ₹1,044, gramin ₹612).
Design choice: dedicated bus lane bus ko jam se bahar nikaal kar headway niyamit rakhti hai. Par usse car aur two-wheeler ki jagah ghatti hai, aur jab tak bus kaafi frequent na ho, khaali bus lane logon ko bekaar lagti hai. NUTP 2006 ka siddhant: sadak ki jagah logon ke hisaab se baanto.
Data ki seema: 1 km se chhoti yatra survey mein record nahi hui, isliye kaafi paidal yatra, khaas kar gareeb aur auraton ki, chhupi reh jaati hai. Design data par tika hai, aur data ki andhi jagah bhi design ki andhi jagah ban jaati hai.
Ghar pe try karo
Ek route lo jahan bus mein 50 log aate hain. Headway 20, 10 aur 5 minute ke liye frequency, capacity (log/ghanta) aur ausat intezaar ki table banao. Kis headway par tum khud scooter chhod kar bus loge?
Wow!
Headway aadha karo toh capacity dugni aur ausat intezaar aadha. Ek number, do fayde!
3 sawaal
- Headway 12 minute ho toh frequency kitni?
Jawab dekho
5 bus/ghanta. Frequency = 60/12 = 5 bus/ghanta.
- Niyamit bus aur bina timetable pahunchne par ausat intezaar?
Jawab dekho
Headway ka lagbhag aadha. Random pahunch par ausat intezaar headway ka lagbhag aadha hota hai.
- NHTS ki ek seema kya hai?
Jawab dekho
1 km se chhoti yatra record nahi hui. 1 km se chhoti yatra record nahi hui, jisse kaafi paidal yatra chhup jaati hai.
NCERT se jodo: NCERT Class 12 Geography (India: People and Economy) — parivahan aur sanchar; Class 11-12 Maths — ausat aur dar