SamajHiranyagarbha · Class 11-12
Bhasha ki rajneeti: shabd, ginti aur samaan adhikaar
Kya ek 'respectful' shabd rakh dene se samaaj ka kaam poora ho jaata hai?
Socho pehle… phir dekho jawab
Nahi. Shabd ek sanket hai, par asli test accessibility aur samaan bartaav hai. Isliye 'divyang' jaise shabd par bahas hoti hai, aur dono taraf ki baatein hain.
Definition: Medical model disability ko insaan ki kami maanta hai jise 'theek' karna hai; social model use insaan aur samaaj ke raaste ki rukawat ke beech ka mel maanta hai (UN Convention, India ne 2007 mein ratify kiya). RPwD Act, 2016 ne manyata-prapt disabilities sat se badha kar 21 kar di.
Mechanism: Census 2027 ke Hindi notification mein 'nihshaktata' shabd par aitraaz hua. Registrar General ne ise 'inadvertence' bataya. 'Incapable' poochne par kam log haan kehte hain, jabki dekhne, chalne ya seekhne mein mushkil poochne par zyada sach jawab milte hain. Isse ginti, budget aur reservation tak prabhavit hote hain.
Trade-off: sarkar 'divyang' shabd ko izzat ka sanket maanti hai; kai disability groups kehte hain ki unhe reverence nahi, rights aur access chahiye. Dono baatein jaanch ke layak hain. Shabd badalna reform nahi hai; asli test hai samaan bartaav.
Ghar pe try karo
Teen line likho: (1) medical aur social model ka farak, (2) 'divyang' shabd ke paksh aur virodh ek-ek dalil, (3) ek sawaal jo tum Census form mein daalte.
Wow!
Shabd ka asar sirf bhaavna par nahi, desh ke aankdon tak pahunchta hai!
3 sawaal
- Medical model disability ko kaise dekhta hai?
Jawab dekho
Insaan ki kami jise theek karna hai. Medical model mein disability ko insaan ki kami maana jaata hai.
- 'Divyang' shabd par sabse sateek dalil kaunsi hai?
Jawab dekho
Kuch groups ise reverence kehte hain aur rights par zor dete hain. Kai disability groups ne is shabd par sawaal uthaaye hain.
- Ginti ki bhasha ka kya asar hota hai?
Jawab dekho
Sach jawab ki sankhya. Chubne wala shabd undercount kar sakta hai; sahi bhasha zyada sach jawab laati hai.
NCERT se jodo: NCERT Class 11 Political Theory — samaanta, adhikaar; NCERT Class 12 Sociology — samaaj mein asamaanta