BiotechBhanu · Class 4-5
Nanhe workers: khameer, dahi aur compost
Bhature ka atta phoolta hai, doodh dahi ban jaata hai, aur sabzi ke chhilke khaad ban jaate hain — teenon mein ek hi raaz chhupa hai. Kya?
Socho pehle… phir dekho jawab
Teenon kaam nanhe jeev karte hain — khameer (yeast) aur bacteria. Itne chhote ki bina microscope ke dikhte nahi, par unka kaam roz tumhari thali pe dikh jaata hai.
Khameer ek bahut chhota jeev hai. Atte mein use starch aur cheeni ka khaana milta hai, aur badle mein woh gas chhodta hai. Gas ke bulbule atte ke andar phans jaate hain, isliye atta phool jaata hai. Cause-effect: garam jagah pe atta jaldi phoolta hai, fridge ke thande mein bahut dheere.
Idli-dosa ka batter chawal aur urad dal peeskar raat bhar rakha jaata hai. Usme maujood nanhe jeev batter ko halka khatta aur bulbule wala bana dete hain — isliye idli naram banti hai. Dahi mein bhi jaman ke ache bacteria doodh ko gaadha kar dete hain. Garam raat mein dahi jaldi jamta hai, sardi mein der lagti hai.
Mushroom bhi ek fungus hai, jo bina dhoop ke bhusey aur khaad par ugta hai. Aur kisan aam, gulab ya amrood ki nayi paudh 'kalam' (grafting) se banate hain — ek paudhe ki tehni doosre paudhe se jod di jaati hai, aur dono saath badhte hain.
Ghar pe try karo
Do khaali bottle lo. Dono mein thoda gunguna paani aur ek chammach cheeni gholo. Ek bottle mein chutki bhar khameer (yeast) daalo, doosri mein kuch nahi. Grown-up ki madad se dono ke munh pe ek-ek gubbara chadha do aur garam jagah rakho. Aadhe ghante baad dekho — kaunsa gubbara phoola? Gas kahan se aayi, socho.
Wow!
Ek chammach dahi mein itne bacteria hote hain ki tum gin hi nahi paoge — aur woh sab tumhare liye kaam kar rahe hain!
Mummy-Papa ke liye
Aaj bachche ke saath gubbara-khameer wala prayog kariye, aur rasoi ke chhilkon se ek gamle mein compost shuru kariye.
3 sawaal
- Khameer atte ko kaise phulaata hai?
Jawab dekho
Gas banakar, jiske bulbule atte mein phans jaate hain. Khameer khaana khaakar gas chhodta hai; gas ke bulbule atte ko phula dete hain.
- Thande mausam mein dahi jamne mein der kyun lagti hai?
Jawab dekho
Bacteria thande mein dheere kaam karte hain. Garmi milne par bacteria tez kaam karte hain, thande mein woh sust ho jaate hain.
- 'Kalam' (grafting) ka matlab kya hai?
Jawab dekho
Ek paudhe ki tehni doosre paudhe se jodna. Grafting mein do paudhon ke hisse jod diye jaate hain aur woh ek hokar badhte hain.
NCERT se jodo: NCERT Class 5 EVS (Looking Around) — khaana aur uske badalte roop