UPSC Darpan

PaisaKhaga · Class 6-8

Mehangai ka thermometer: CPI ki tokri

Doodh mehnga, pyaaz bahut mehnga, koi gadget shayad sasta. Toh 'desh mein mehangai kitni hai' ek hi number mein kaise bataayein?

Socho pehle… phir dekho jawab

Ek 'tokri' banakar. Sarkar ek aam parivaar ki khareedi ki tokri — khaana, kapde, kiraya, bijli, yaatra, padhai — ke daam har mahine naapti hai. Yeh tokri pichhle saal se kitni mehngi hui, wahi CPI mehangai hai.

CPI (Consumer Price Index) National Statistics Office (NSO), MoSPI banata hai. Card ke anusaar daam 1,407 shahari bazaaron aur 1,465 gaon se ikatthe hote hain. Gaon, shehar aur dono milakar — teen CPI aate hain.

Tokri mein har cheez ka vazan (weight) alag hai: jis par parivaar zyada kharch karta hai, uska asar zyada. Isliye pyaaz ka daam doguna hone par bhi poori tokri utni nahi badhti.

Number padhna: September 2026 mein CPI mehangai 5.54% thi. Matlab, jo tokri pichhle September ₹100 ki thi, woh ab lagbhag ₹105.54 ki hai. RBI ka lakshya 4% hai.

Headline aur core: poori tokri ki mehangai headline hai. Khaana aur eendhan hata do — jinke daam mausam aur tel se jhoolte hain — toh 'core' mehangai bachti hai, jo lambi chaal dikhati hai.

Ghar pe try karo

Apne ghar ki 'mini-tokri' banao: 5 cheezein (doodh, aata, daal, ek sabzi, bus ya auto kiraya). Ghar walon se is mahine ka aur pichhle saal ka (yaad ho toh) daam poochho, aur har cheez ki % badhat nikalo.

Wow!

Ek hi number — jaise 5.54% — ke peeche gaon aur shehar ke hazaaron bazaaron ke daam chhupe hote hain!

3 sawaal

  1. Bharat mein CPI kaun banata hai?
    Jawab dekho

    National Statistics Office (NSO), MoSPI. All-India CPI NSO, MoSPI banata hai.

  2. CPI mehangai 5.54% ka matlab kya hai?
    Jawab dekho

    Pichhle saal isi mahine ₹100 ki tokri ab lagbhag ₹105.54 ki. CPI mehangai poori tokri ke daam ki saalana badhat hai.

  3. Core mehangai mein kya nahi gina jaata?
    Jawab dekho

    Khaana aur eendhan. Core mehangai jhoolne wale khaane aur eendhan ko chhod kar nikalti hai.

NCERT se jodo: NCERT Class 8 Social Science — arthvyavastha; Maths — pratishat aur average (idea in words)

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