UPSC Darpan

Dharma aur GyanMarichi · UPSC

Dharmam Chara aur Article 51A: Kartavya ka Purana Vachan, Samvidhaan ka Naya Roop

'Dharma' ka ek seedha arth kartavya hai. Taittiriya Upanishad ka 'dharmam chara' aur Samvidhaan ka Part IVA (Fundamental Duties) — dono ek hi sawaal poochhte hain: adhikaar ke saath meri zimmedari kya hai?

Socho pehle… phir dekho jawab

Taittiriya Upanishad 1.11.1 mein guru shishya se kehte hain: 'Satyam vada, dharmam chara' — sach bolo, dharma (kartavya) ka aacharan karo. Samvidhaan ne nagrik ke kartavya Article 51A mein likhe — par unhe sazaa ke dar se nahi, naagrik chetna se nibhaane ki apeksha rakhi.

Concept: Taittiriya Upanishad 1.11.1 (Shiksha Valli) — 'Satyam vada, dharmam chara, svadhyayan ma pramadah.' Ise padhai poori hone par guru ka upadesh maana jaata hai: sach bolo, kartavya par chalo, svadhyay mein laaparvahi mat karo. Ek vyakhya yeh hai ki yahan dharma kisi ek sampradaay ka naam nahi, balki aacharan aur zimmedari ka maanak hai.

Constitutional link: Fundamental Duties 42nd Amendment (1976) se Part IVA, Article 51A mein jode gaye, Swaran Singh Committee ki sifarish par; vichaar poorv USSR ke samvidhaan se prerit maana jaata hai. Shuru mein 10 kartavya the; 86th Amendment (2002) ne 11th jodha — 6 se 14 saal ke bachche ko shiksha ka avsar dena maata-pita/abhibhavak ka kartavya. Yeh sirf nagrikon par laagu hain aur seedhe adalat mein laagu (justiciable) nahi, par adalatein kanoon ki vyakhya mein inka sahara le sakti hain.

Dimension: 51A(h) vaigyanik drishtikon aur sudhaar ki bhavna, aur 51A(j) 'har kshetra mein utkrishtata ki or badhna' — Gita ke 'yogah karmasu kaushalam' jaise vichaar ka aadhunik naagrik roop padha ja sakta hai. Par dhyaan rahe: kartavya adhikaaron ki shart nahi ban sakte — Fundamental Rights kartavya na nibhaane par chhine nahi jaate. Lok-sevak ke liye GS4 ka sabak: jo khud kartavya nibhata hai, wahi naagrikon se use maang sakta hai.

Ghar pe try karo

250-word GS2/GS4 skeleton: intro (dharma = kartavya; 'dharmam chara'), body 1 (Part IVA — 42nd aur 86th Amendment, non-justiciable par vyakhya mein upyogi), body 2 (51A(h) aur 51A(j) ka aaj ka arth), body 3 (adhikaar-kartavya santulan: kartavya adhikaar ki shart nahi), conclusion (naagrik chetna aur lok-sevak ki misaal).

Wow!

Samvidhaan ka sabse naya kartavya — bachche ko shiksha ka avsar — maata-pita par hai, rajya par nahi; aur woh 'svadhyayan ma pramadah' wale purane vachan ka aadhunik saathi lagta hai!

3 sawaal

  1. Fundamental Duties Samvidhaan mein kis Amendment se jode gaye?
    Jawab dekho

    42nd Amendment. Part IVA (Article 51A) 42nd Amendment (1976) se Swaran Singh Committee ki sifarish par joda gaya.

  2. Trap: Fundamental Duties ke baare mein kaunsa kathan sahi hai?
    Jawab dekho

    Yeh seedhe justiciable nahi, par adalatein vyakhya mein inka sahara le sakti hain. Kartavya sirf nagrikon ke liye hain, seedhe laagu nahi hote, aur 11th kartavya 86th Amendment (2002) se juda.

  3. Taittiriya Upanishad 1.11.1 ke 'dharmam chara' ka is paath mein arth kya hai?
    Jawab dekho

    Kartavya (dharma) ka aacharan karo. 'Satyam vada, dharmam chara' — sach bolo, dharma yaani kartavya par chalo.

NCERT se jodo: GS2 — Indian Constitution: Fundamental Duties (Part IVA); GS4 — Ethics: values, civic duty, public service

Baal Darpan app kholo