UPSC Darpan

Science & TechnologyGS312 October 2026

Rewa villagers halt drilling for a private 2x220 MW nuclear plant over Gram Sabha consent

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The news

Rewa (Madhya Pradesh). On October 9 villagers near Rojhauhi stopped drilling equipment sent for site investigations for a proposed 2x220 MW nuclear power project, The Indian Express reports. Tata Power’s letter of July 13 described pre-project activities; a Collector’s office letter of August 21 covers eight boreholes, four of them 100 m deep. A special Gram Sabha at Sarai Kala on September 3 recorded objections, and the sarpanch wrote that consent was not granted. Activist Shivanand Dwivedi alleged no public hearing was held and the no-objection certificate rested on a “forged and fabricated letter”. Collector Narendra Kumar Suryavanshi said no land was allotted, only suitability testing was permitted, and the administration had received the Gram Sabha’s consent before the protests. A 220 MW unit is India’s small indigenous pressurised heavy water reactor.

Prelims nuggets

  • The Atomic Energy Regulatory Board was constituted in 1983 under the Atomic Energy Act, 1962; Section 17 of the SHANTI Act, 2025 deems it constituted under the new Act.
  • The Sustainable Harnessing and Advancement of Nuclear Energy for Transforming India (SHANTI) Act, 2025 (No. 39 of 2025) got the President’s assent on 20 December 2025. It lets licences go to private companies, repeals the Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act, 2010, and comes into force on dates the Centre notifies.
  • A PHWR uses natural uranium as fuel and heavy water as both moderator and coolant.